The Japanese forces for the invasion were assembled in 1941 on Hainan Island and in French Indochina. The Japanese considered that pulling out of China would result in a loss of face and decided instead to take military action against US, British and Dutch territories in South East Asia. The object of the embargoes was to assist the Chinese and encourage the Japanese to halt military action in China.

From 1940 to 1941, following the Japanese takeover of French colonies the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands imposed embargoes on supplying oil and war materials to Japan. They were heavily reliant on imported materials for their military forces, particularly oil from the United States. Main articles: Second Sino-Japanese War and Japanese invasion of French Indochinaīy 1941 the Japanese had been engaged for four years in trying to subjugate China. By the time the Japanese had captured Singapore, they had suffered 9,657 casualties Allied losses totaled 130,246, including around 7,500 to 8,000 killed, 11,000+ wounded and 120,000+ missing or captured. Royal Engineers, equipped with demolition charges, destroyed over a hundred bridges during the retreat, yet this did little to delay the Japanese. The operation is notable for the Japanese use of bicycle infantry, which allowed troops to carry more equipment and swiftly move through thick jungle terrain. For the British, Indian, Australian, and Malayan forces defending the colony, the campaign was a total disaster. The Japanese had air and naval supremacy from the opening days of the campaign.

It was dominated by land battles between British Commonwealth army units and the Imperial Japanese Army, with minor skirmishes at the beginning of the campaign between British Commonwealth and Royal Thai Police. The Malayan campaign, referred to by Japanese sources as the Malay Operation ( 馬来作戦, Maree Sakusen), was a military campaign fought by Allied and Axis forces in Malaya, from 8 December 1941 – 15 February 1942 during the Second World War. North Borneo dispute ( Philippine militant attacks)

130,246 (Including the casualties of the Battle of Singapore)ĩ,657 (Including the casualties of the Battle of Singapore)ġ08–331 aircraft damaged or destroyed īurma, India and China Japanese invasion of Burma

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